Background

Adenosine is a chemical found in human cells. There are three different forms: adenosine, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Adenosine blocks electrical signals in the heart that cause irregular heart rhythms. ATP might also prevent changes in energy metabolism that cause weight loss in people with advanced cancer.

An injectable form of adenosine is a US FDA-approved prescription drug for a condition involving rapid heart rate (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia). It is also used as a prescription drug to help measure blockages in the arteries of the heart. People also use adenosine, AMP, and ATP as supplements for athletic performance, cold sores, and many other purposes, but there is no good evidence to support these uses.

Safety Safety definitions

When taken by mouth: There isn't enough reliable information to know if adenosine is safe or what the side effects might be.

Special Precautions & Warnings:

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn't enough reliable information to know if adenosine is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Effectiveness

Dosing & administration

Adenosine is available as a prescription-only IV medicine approved for certain conditions. When used as a supplement, there isn't enough reliable information to know what an appropriate dose of adenosine might be. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult a healthcare professional before using.

Interactions with pharmaceuticals

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Interaction Rating=Moderate Be cautious with this combination.

Adenosine can slow down the heartbeat. Taking carbamazepine with adenosine might cause the heart to beat too slowly.

Dipyridamole (Persantine)

Interaction Rating=Major Do not take this combination.

Dipyridamole can slow down how quickly the body gets rid of adenosine. This increases the risk for serious side effects from adenosine. Do not take adenosine if you are taking dipyridamole.

Methylxanthines

Interaction Rating=Minor Be watchful with this combination.

Methylxanthines might block the effects of adenosine. Adenosine is often used by doctors to do a test on the heart. This test is called a cardiac stress test. Stop taking methylxanthines at least 24 hours before a cardiac stress test.

Interactions with herbs & supplements

Caffeine-containing herbs and supplements: Using caffeine can decrease the effects of adenosine. Stop taking caffeine-containing products at least 24 hours before a cardiac stress test. Examples of supplements that contain caffeine include black tea, coffee, green tea, guarana, and yerba mate.

Interactions with foods

Caffeine can decrease the effects of adenosine. Don't consume caffeine-containing foods or drinks for at least 24 hours before a cardiac stress test.