Pyruvate
Scientific names: 2-Oxopropanoate (pyruvate), 2-oxopropanoic acid (pyruvic acid)
Alternate names: 2-Oxypropanoic Acid, Acetylformic Acid, Acide Acétylformique, Acide Alpha-Kéto, Acide Oxo-2 Propanoïque, Acide Pyruvique, Alpha-Keto Acid, Alpha-Ketopropionic Acid, Calcium Pyruvate, Calcium Pyruvate Monohydrate, Creatine Pyruvate, Magnesium Pyruvate, Monohydrate de Pyruvate de Calcium, Piruvato, Potassium Pyruvate, Proacemic Acid, Pyruvate de Calcium, Pyruvate de Créatine, Pyruvate de Magnésium, Pyruvate de Sodium, Pyruvic Acid, Sodium Pyruvate
Actions: Anti-inflammatory, Anti-tumor, Cardioprotective, Deficiencies in pyruvate metabolism, Dermatologic, Fatty acid metabolism, Glucose metabolism, Localization of brain tumor, Ocular, Peritoneal dialysis, Weight loss
Background
Pyruvate is a three-carbon acid that is naturally formed during glycolysis, the process in which the body breaks down sugar (glucose).
Pyruvate might increase the breakdown of fat, which could improve weight loss. Pyruvic acid seems to cause the outer layer of skin cells to slough off, which might benefit some skin conditions.
People use pyruvate for obesity, acne, high cholesterol, cataracts, athletic performance, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.
Pyruvate might increase the breakdown of fat, which could improve weight loss. Pyruvic acid seems to cause the outer layer of skin cells to slough off, which might benefit some skin conditions.
People use pyruvate for obesity, acne, high cholesterol, cataracts, athletic performance, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.
Safety Safety definitions
When taken by mouth: Pyruvate is possibly safe when used appropriately for up to six weeks. Side effects such as stomach upset, gas, bloating, and diarrhea might occur when used in doses above 30 grams daily.
When applied to the skin: Facial peels containing up to 50% pyruvic acid are possibly safe when applied by a healthcare professional. Severe skin burning might occur. It should only be applied to small patches of skin at a time.
When inhaled: Pyruvate is possibly safe when used in a nebulizer for up to six weeks.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Taking high amounts of pyruvate, such as 30 grams daily or more, might cause diarrhea, loose stools, and bloating.
When applied to the skin: Facial peels containing up to 50% pyruvic acid are possibly safe when applied by a healthcare professional. Severe skin burning might occur. It should only be applied to small patches of skin at a time.
When inhaled: Pyruvate is possibly safe when used in a nebulizer for up to six weeks.
Special Precautions & Warnings:
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn't enough reliable information to know if pyruvate is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Taking high amounts of pyruvate, such as 30 grams daily or more, might cause diarrhea, loose stools, and bloating.
Effectiveness
NatMed Pro rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate.
Possibly effective Effectiveness definitions
- Acne. Applying a pyruvic acid skin peel might improve acne in some people.
- Obesity. Taking pyruvate by mouth while dieting and exercising might improve weight loss by a small amount in people who are overweight and obese.
Dosing & administration
Pyruvate has most often been used by adults in doses of 6-40 grams by mouth daily for up to 6 weeks. It's also been used in topical products such as facial skin peels and creams. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what type of product and dose might be best for a specific condition.
Interactions with pharmaceuticals
It is not known if Pyruvate interacts with any medicines. Before taking Pyruvate, talk with your healthcare professional if you take any medications.
Interactions with herbs & supplements
There are no known interactions with herbs and supplements.
Interactions with foods
There are no known interactions with foods.
Products
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Per 9.5 g (Tropical):
- Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate 2.1 g equiv. calcium 500 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 25 mg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 50 mg
- Co-methylcobalamin (Vitamin B12) 200 μg
- Magnesium bisglycinate 2 g equiv. magnesium 200 mg
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) 25 mg
- Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium (Activated B2) 25 mg equiv. riboflavin 18 mg
- Acetyl levocarnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl-L-carnitine) 1.2 g
- L-tyrosine 1 g
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) 500 mg
- Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous 250 mg equiv. sodium 81 mg
- Borax 13 mg equiv. boron 1.5 mg
- Potassium iodide 98 μg equiv. iodine 75 μg
- Selenomethionine 62.5 μg equiv. selenium 25 μg
- Zinc bisglycinate (Zinc amino acid chelate) 50 mg equiv. zinc 10 mg
400 g Tropical
Practitioner product
Per 8 g:
- Calcium citrate 2.07 g equiv. calcium 500 mg
- Potassium citrate 276 mg equiv. potassium 100 mg
- Magnesium citrate 1.85 g equiv. magnesium 300 mg
- Zinc citrate dihydrate 31.1 mg equiv. zinc 10 mg
- Selenomethionine 75.2 µg equiv. selenium 30.4 µg
- Chromic chloride hexahydrate 307.2 µg equiv. chromium 59.2 µg
- Molybdenum trioxide 90.4 µg equiv. molybdenum 60 µg
- Menaquinone 7 (Vitamin K2) 90.4 µg
Practitioner product
Per 3.9 g (Passionfruit):
- Hydroxyapatite (Calcium) 2 g equiv. calcium 500 mg equiv. phosphorus 216 mg
- Glycine max ext. 113 mg
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) 250 mg
- Borax 26 mg equiv. boron 3 mg
- Manganese amino acid chelate 16 mg equiv. manganese 2.5 mg
- Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) 100 μg
- Cholecalciferol 12.5 μg equiv. vitamin D3 500 IU
- Zinc bisglycinate (Zinc amino acid chelate) 25 mg equiv. zinc 5 mg
Practitioner product
Per tablet:
- Calcium carbonate 1.125 g equiv. calcium 450 mg
- Hydroxyapatite 217.39 mg equiv. calcium 50 mg
- Cholecalciferol 12.5 µg equiv. vitamin D3 500 IU
- Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) 23 µg
- Menaquinone 7 (Vitamin K2) 45 µg
- Borax 8.82 mg equiv. boron 1 mg
- Silicon dioxide 15.52 mg equiv. silicon 7.25 mg
- Magnesium oxide - heavy 190 mg equiv. magnesium 114.6 mg
- Manganese gluconate 21.93 mg equiv. manganese 2.5 mg
- Zinc oxide 6.22 mg equiv. zinc 5 mg
- Copper gluconate 5.72 mg equiv. copper 800 µg
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Per 13 g (Orange):
- Calcium citrate 1.82 g equiv. calcium 400 mg
- Calcium ascorbate dihydrate (Vitamin C) 1.22 g equiv. ascorbic acid 1 g equiv. calcium 114 mg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 32.8 mg equiv. pantothenic acid 30 mg equiv. calcium 2.73 mg
- Magnesium citrate 1.94 g equiv. magnesium 300 mg
- Potassium citrate 553 mg equiv. potassium 200 mg
- Zinc citrate dihydrate 77.9 mg equiv. zinc 25 mg
- Selenomethionine 78 µg equiv. selenium 31.5 µg
- Taurine 3 g
- Glycine 2 g
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) 25.4 mg equiv. thiamine 20 mg
- Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium (Activated B2) 13.2 mg equiv. riboflavin 10 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 25 mg
- Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate (P5P) 78.4 mg equiv. pyridoxine 50 mg
- Biotin 500 µg
- Molybdenum trioxide 90 µg equiv. molybdenum 60 µg
- Chromium chloride hexahydrate 507 µg equiv. chromium 100 µg
- Menaquinone 7 (Vitamin K2) 45 µg
Practitioner product
Per 6.1 g (Vanilla):
- Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate 1.4 g equiv. calcium 325 mg equiv. phosphorus 251 mg
- Potassium citrate 415 mg equiv. potassium 150 mg
- Selenomethionine 250 µg equiv. selenium 100 µg
- Magnesium bisglycinate 1.5 g equiv. magnesium 150 mg
- Zinc bisglycinate (Zinc amino acid chelate) 50 mg equiv. zinc 10 mg
- Silicon dioxide 50 mg
- Manganese amino acid chelate 31 mg equiv. manganese 5 mg
- Borax 8.8 mg equiv. boron 1 mg
- Potassium iodide 196 µg equiv. iodine 150 µg
- Molybdenum trioxide 180 µg equiv. molybdenum 120 µg
- Chromium nicotinate 500 µg equiv. chromium 50 µg
- Iron bisglycinate 50 mg equiv. iron 10 mg
Practitioner product
Per tablet:
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Per 5 g (Berry and Peach):
- Calcium citrate 1.04 g equiv. calcium 250 mg
- Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate 54.58 mg equiv. calcium 12.7 mg
- Cholecalciferol 10 μg equiv. vitamin D3 400 IU
- Retinyl acetate 472 μg equiv. vitamin A 400 μg
- Zinc citrate dihydrate 18.65 mg equiv. zinc 6 mg
- Palm tocotrienols complex (Vitamin E) 2.5 mg
- Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12) 15 μg
- Calcium ascorbate dihydrate (Vitamin C) 60.5 mg equiv. ascorbic acid 50 mg
- Magnesium citrate 802.5 mg equiv. magnesium 130 mg
- Menaquinone 7 (Vitamin K2) 5 μg
- Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) 30 μg
- Potassium iodide 117.7 μg equiv. iodine 90 μg
- Iron bisglycinate 17.78 mg equiv. iron 4 mg
- Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium (Activated B2) 5 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 15 mg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 16.4 mg equiv. pantothenic acid 15 mg
- Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate (P5P) 1.55 mg equiv. pyridoxine 1 mg
- Biotin 25 μg
- Chromium nicotinate 120.7 μg equiv. chromium 15 μg
- Manganese amino acid chelate 2500 μg equiv. manganese 250 μg
- Molybdenum trioxide 33.75 μg equiv. molybdenum 22.5 μg
- Lysine hydrochloride 15 mg equiv. lysine 12 mg
- L-glycine 2 g
- Choline bitartrate 150 mg
- Selenomethionine 75 μg equiv. selenium 30 μg
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) 5 mg equiv. thiamine 3.9 mg
- Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitamin B6) 4.5 mg equiv. pyridoxine 3.7 mg
- Calcium folinate (Activated folate) 215 μg equiv. folinic acid 200 μg
- Potassium citrate 27.68 mg equiv. potassium 10 mg
- Total Ascorbic acid 100 mg
Practitioner product
Per 5 g (Lemon Lime):
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Per tablet:
- Hydroxyapatite (Calcium) 980 mg equiv. calcium 250 mg equiv. phosphorus 108 mg
- Glycine max ext. 56.25 mg
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) 125 mg
- Borax 13 mg equiv. boron 1.5 mg
- Manganese amino acid chelate 7.8 mg equiv. manganese 1.3 mg
- Cholecalciferol 6.25 μg equiv. vitamin D3 250 IU
- Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) 50 μg
- Zinc bisglycinate (Zinc amino acid chelate) 13 mg equiv. zinc 2.5 mg
Practitioner product
Per 3.43 g (Berry):
- Calcium ascorbate (Vitamin C) 279.91 mg equiv. ascorbic acid 226.72 mg equiv. calcium 25.75 mg
- Calcium citrate 117.16 mg equiv. calcium 24.25 mg
- Zinc ascorbate 33.33 mg equiv. zinc 5 mg equiv. ascorbic acid 25 mg
- Potassium chloride 293 mg
- Sodium chloride (Salt) 321.36 mg equiv. sodium 125 mg equiv. chloride 196.35 mg
- Potassium chloride 212 mg equiv. potassium 110 mg equiv. chloride 101.95 mg
- Citric acid monohydrate 580 mg
- Glucose monohydrate 800 mg
- Magnesium citrate 340 mg equiv. magnesium 50 mg
- Sodium selenite 25.3 µg equiv. selenium 5 µg
- Chromium picolinate 1 mg equiv. chromium 20 µg
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Per 12.7 g (Raspberry):
- Calcium citrate tetrahydrate 711 mg equiv. calcium 150 mg
- Magnesium bisglycinate 3.5 g equiv. magnesium 350 mg
- Taurine 3 g
- Potassium citrate 275 mg equiv. potassium 100 mg
- L-glutamine 2 g
- Calcium ascorbate dihydrate (Vitamin C) 605 mg equiv. ascorbic acid 500 mg
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) 25 mg
- Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium (Activated B2) 34 mg equiv. riboflavin 25 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 25 mg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 25 mg
- Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate (P5P) 25 mg equiv. pyridoxine 16 mg
- Zinc bisglycinate (Zinc amino acid chelate) 50 mg equiv. zinc 10 mg
482 g Raspberry
Practitioner product
Practitioner product
Per 8 g (Lemon):
- Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate 601.1 mg equiv. calcium 140 mg
- Hydrolysed milk protein with Alpha-casozepine (Lactium) 75 mg
- Magnesium amino acid chelate 2.1 g equiv. magnesium 244 mg
- Sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous 4 mg equiv. sodium 1.3 mg
- Myo-inositol 1 g
- Choline bitartrate 625.7 mg equiv. choline 257.2 mg
- Glycine 250 mg
- d-alpha-Tocopheryl acid succinate 68 mg equiv. vitamin E 82.5 IU
Practitioner product
Practitioner product
Practitioner product
Per tablet:
- Lithothamnion tophiforme (Red algae) 396 mg equiv. calcium 125 mg equiv. magnesium 9.2 mg
- Calcium citrate tetrahydrate 611.4 mg equiv. calcium 125 mg
- Cholecalciferol 8.3 μg equiv. vitamin D3 333 IU
- Menaquinone 7 (Vitamin K2) 15 μg
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Per tablet:
- Calcium citrate tetrahydrate 610 mg equiv. calcium 125 mg
- Levomefolate calcium (Activated folate) 216 μg equiv. levomefolic acid 200 μg
- Co-methylcobalamin (Vitamin B12) 250 μg
- Manganese amino acid chelate 17 mg equiv. manganese 2.75 mg
- Borax 13 mg equiv. boron 1.5 mg
- Chromium chloride hexahydrate 513 μg equiv. chromium 100 μg
- Potassium iodide 98 μg equiv. iodine 75 μg
- Selenomethionine 93 μg equiv. selenium 37.5 μg
- Calcium ascorbate dihydrate (Vitamin C) 153 mg equiv. ascorbic acid 125 mg
- d-alpha-Tocopheryl acid succinate 16 mg equiv. vitamin E 12.5 mg
- Beta-carotene carotenoids (Vitamin A) 2 mg
- Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) 8.75 μg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 37.5 mg
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) 25 mg
- Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium (Activated B2) 25 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 25 mg
- Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate (P5P) 25 mg
- Biotin 50 μg
- Magnesium bisglycinate 525 mg equiv. magnesium 52.5 mg
- Zinc bisglycinate (Zinc amino acid chelate) 50 mg equiv. zinc 10 mg
- Iron bisglycinate 12.5 mg equiv. iron 2.5 mg
Practitioner product
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This monograph was last reviewed on 04/07/2024 10:00:00 and last updated on 12/11/2014 22:26:15. Monographs are reviewed and/or updated multiple times per month and at least once per year.
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Natural Medicines rates safety based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Likely Safe, Possibly Safe, Possibly Unsafe, Likely Unsafe, Unsafe, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate. For more information about Natural Medicines’ Safety Rating System, click here.
The Natural Medicines Effectiveness Ratings are assigned for specific indications. A product might be rated "Possibly Effective" for one condition, but be rated "Likely Ineffective" for another condition, depending on the evidence. For more info click here.
