Serine
Scientific names: Serine
Alternate names: (2S)-2-Amino-3-Hydroxypropanoic Acid, 3-Hydroxyalanine, Beta-Hydroxy-D-Alanine, Beta-Hydroxy-L-Alanine, Beta-Hydroxyalanine, D-3-Hydroxy-Alanine, D-Ser, D-Serine, L-3-Hydroxy-Alanine, L-Ser, L-Serine, Serina, Serinum
Actions: General, Cardiovascular, Neurological
Background
Serine is an amino acid. It comes in two forms: L-serine and D-serine. L-serine is consumed in the diet and D-serine is made in the body from L-serine.
The body uses D- and L-serine to make proteins. D-serine also sends chemical signals in the brain. This might help with schizophrenia and other brain conditions.
People use serine for schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, memory and thinking skills, depression, insomnia, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.
The body uses D- and L-serine to make proteins. D-serine also sends chemical signals in the brain. This might help with schizophrenia and other brain conditions.
People use serine for schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, memory and thinking skills, depression, insomnia, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.
Safety Safety definitions
When taken by mouth: L-serine is commonly consumed in foods. The typical diet provides about 3.5-8 grams daily. Serine is possibly safe when used in higher doses as medicine. L-serine in doses up to 25 grams daily for up to 1 year, or D-serine in doses of 2-4 grams daily for up to 4 weeks, have been used safely. Side effects might include upset stomach and bloating.
Serine is possibly unsafe when taken in very high doses, such as 25 grams or more of L-serine daily or 8 grams or more of D-serine daily. High doses might lead to increased stomach side effects and seizures.
Kidney disease: High doses of D-serine might worsen kidney disease. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Serine is possibly unsafe when taken in very high doses, such as 25 grams or more of L-serine daily or 8 grams or more of D-serine daily. High doses might lead to increased stomach side effects and seizures.
Special Precautions & Warnings:
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: L-serine is commonly consumed in foods. But there isn't enough reliable information to know if L- or D-serine is safe to use as a medicine when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and stick to food amounts.Kidney disease: High doses of D-serine might worsen kidney disease. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Effectiveness
NatMed Pro rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate.
Possibly effective Effectiveness definitions
- Schizophrenia. Taking D-serine by mouth along with standard antipsychotic therapy might improve symptoms of schizophrenia. But taking D-serine alone doesn't work as well as standard treatments.
Dosing & administration
L-serine is found in many foods. The typical diet provides about 3.5-8 grams of L-serine daily. There isn't enough reliable information to know what an appropriate dose of L-serine might be when used as medicine. D-serine has most often been used by adults in doses of 2 grams by mouth daily for up to 16 weeks. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what form of serine and dose might be best for a specific condition.
Interactions with pharmaceuticals
It is not known if Serine interacts with any medicines. Before taking Serine, talk with your healthcare professional if you take any medications.
Interactions with herbs & supplements
There are no known interactions with herbs and supplements.
Interactions with foods
There are no known interactions with foods.
Products
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Per 6 g (Berry):
- L-serine 750 mg
- L-glutamine 1 g
- N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) 1.5 g
- L-proline 750 mg
- L-threonine 1 g
- Beta vulgaris (root) powder (Beetroot)
- Citric acid anhydrous
- Malic acid
- Natural strawberry flavour
- Fragaria ananassa (juice) powder (Strawberry)
- Euterpe oleracea (berry) ext. (Acai)
- Aristotelia chilensis (Maqui berry)
- Garcinia mangostana juice dry
- Lycium chinese juice dry
- Glycine
- Silica - colloidal anhydrous
- Natural vanilla flavour
- Thaumatin
- Punica granatum
- Rubus idaeus
Practitioner product
Per capsule:
Practitioner product
Practitioner product
Per tablet:
Practitioner product
Per capsule:
- L-serine 50 mg
- Biotin 2 mg
- Choline bitartrate 121.57 mg equiv. choline 50 mg
- Ubidecarenone (Coenzyme Q10) 30 mg
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) 127.1 mg equiv. thiamine 100 mg
- Riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium (Activated B2) 39.47 mg equiv. riboflavin 30 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 50 mg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 54.59 mg equiv. pantothenic acid 50 mg
- Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate (P5P) 47.02 mg equiv. pyridoxine 30 mg
- Mecobalamin (Vitamin B12) 500 μg
- Zinc citrate dihydrate 46.73 mg equiv. zinc 15 mg
- Levomefolate glucosamine (Activated folate) 901.7 μg equiv. levomefolic acid 500 μg
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Per 35.2 g:
- L-serine 27.75 mg
- L-glutamine 2.22 g
- L-leucine 1.67 g
- Lysine hydrochloride 451.02 mg equiv. l-lysine 361 mg
- L-isoleucine 450 mg
- L-valine 450 mg
- L-phenylalanine 200 mg
- L-threonine 200 mg
- Cysteine hydrochloride 180.82 mg equiv. cysteine 139 mg
- L-methionine 120 mg
- L-tyrosine 112.5 mg
- Histidine hydrochloride 185.22 mg equiv. l-histidine 150 mg
- L-aspartic acid 111 mg
- L-proline 111 mg
- L-alanine 27.75 mg
- Glycine 27.75 mg
- Taurine 11 mg
- Zinc sulphate monohydrate 5.7 mg equiv. zinc 2.08 mg
- Sodium ascorbate (Vitamin C) 22.5 mg equiv. ascorbic acid 20 mg
- d-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate 10.5 mg equiv. vitamin E 10 IU
- Retinol palmitate (Vitamin A) 462 µg equiv. vitamin A 252 µg equiv. vitamin A 833.33 IU
- Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) 2 µg
- Carnitine tartrate 10.99 mg equiv. l-carnitine 7.5 mg
- Potassium citrate 402.65 mg equiv. potassium 145.75 mg
- Magnesium citrate 166.67 mg equiv. magnesium 26.99 mg
- Ferrous fumarate 4.6 mg equiv. iron 1.5 mg
- Manganese sulphate monohydrate 10.14 mg equiv. manganese 0.33 mg
- Selenomethionine 28.59 µg equiv. selenium 11.54 µg
- Copper sulfate pentahydrate 654.7 µg equiv. copper 167 µg
- Molybdenum trioxide 10.56 µg equiv. molybdenum 8 µg
- Chromium picolinate 105.6 µg equiv. chromium 13 µg
- Potassium iodide 22 µg equiv. iodine 17 µg
- Borax 2.20 mg equiv. boron 250 µg
- Choline bitartrate 80.89 mg equiv. choline 33.25 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 3.25 mg
- Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitamin B6) 771 µg equiv. pyridoxine 650 µg
- Cholecalciferol 1.65 µg equiv. vitamin D3 66 IU
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) 500 µg
- Thiamine nitrate (Vitamin B1) 616 µg equiv. thiamine 500 µg
- Folic acid 31.27 µg
- Levomefolate glucosamine (Activated folate) 8.34 µg equiv. levomefolic acid 4.5 µg
- Biotin 50 µg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 3.55 mg equiv. pantothenic acid 3.25 mg
- Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) 10 µg
- Glucose monohydrate 12.5 g
- Sunflower lecithin 250 mg
- Magnesium glycerophosphate 50.12 mg equiv. magnesium 6.27 mg
- Calcium glycerophosphate 392.73 mg equiv. calcium 75.01 mg
- Calcium phosphate 62.62 mg equiv. calcium 24.99 mg
Practitioner product
Per 37 g:
- L-serine 27.75 mg
- Glutamine 2.22 g
- L-leucine 1.68 g
- Lysine hydrochloride 451.03 mg equiv. lysine 361 mg
- L-isoleucine 450 mg
- L-valine 450 mg
- L-phenylalanine 200 mg
- L-threonine 200 mg
- Cysteine hydrochloride 45 mg equiv. cysteine 31.04 mg
- L-methionine 120 mg
- L-tyrosine 112.5 mg
- Histidine hydrochloride 185.25 mg equiv. l-histidine 150 mg
- L-aspartic acid 111 mg
- L-proline 111 mg
- Glycine 27.75 mg
- L-alanine 27.75 mg
- Taurine 11 mg
- Levocarnitine tartrate (L-carnitine) 10.99 mg equiv. levocarnitine 7.5 mg
- Potassium citrate 402.6 mg equiv. potassium 145.74 mg
- Magnesium citrate 167.09 mg equiv. magnesium 27 mg
- Magnesium glycerophosphate 49.99 mg equiv. magnesium 6.25 mg
- Calcium phosphate 62.64 mg equiv. calcium 25 mg
- Calcium glycerophosphate 393.27 mg equiv. calcium 75 mg
- Ferrous fumarate 45.6 mg equiv. iron 1.5 mg
- Manganese sulphate monohydrate 1.02 g equiv. manganese 330 µg
- Zinc sulphate monohydrate 5.74 mg equiv. zinc 2.08 mg
- Selenomethionine 28.64 µg equiv. selenium 11.54 µg
- Copper sulfate pentahydrate 656.27 µg equiv. copper 167 µg
- Molybdenum trioxide 12 µg equiv. molybdenum 8 µg
- Chromic chloride hexahydrate 46.95 µg equiv. chromium 9.16 µg
- Chromium picolinate 30.89 µg equiv. chromium 3.84 µg
- Potassium iodide 22.25 µg equiv. iodine 17 µg
- Borax 2.2 mg equiv. boron 250 µg
- Choline bitartrate 80.84 mg equiv. choline 33.25 mg
- Sodium ascorbate (Vitamin C) 22.5 mg equiv. ascorbic acid 20 mg
- dl-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate 10 mg equiv. vitamin E 10 IU
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 3.25 mg
- Retinol palmitate 418.58 µg equiv. vitamin A 767 IU
- Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitamin B6) 790 µg equiv. pyridoxine 650 µg
- Cholecalciferol 1.65 µg equiv. vitamin D3 66 IU
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) 500 µg
- Thiamine nitrate (Vitamin B1) 616.83 µg equiv. thiamine 500 µg
- Folic acid 31.27 µg
- Biotin 50 µg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 3.53 mg equiv. pantothenic acid 3.25 mg
- Phytomenadione (Vitamin K1) 10 µg
- Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) 2 µg
- Glucose monohydrate (Dextrose) 12.5 g
- Sunflower lecithin 250 mg
- Levomefolate glucosamine (Activated folate) 8 µg equiv. levomefolic acid 4.5 µg
- Medium Chain Triglycerides (powder) (MCT) 3 g
Practitioner product
Per tablet:
- L-serine 5 mg
- Eleutherococcus senticosus ext. 50 mg
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) 2.54 mg equiv. thiamine 2 mg
- Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) 20 mg
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5) 9.83 mg equiv. pantothenic acid 9 mg
- Pyridoxal 5-phosphate monohydrate (P5P) 3.14 mg equiv. pyridoxine 2 mg
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) 60 mg
- d-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate (Vitamin E) 7.35 mg equiv. vitamin E 10 IU equiv. d-alpha-tocopherol 6.71 mg
- Biotin 80 µg
- Inositol 50 mg
- Quercetin 50 mg
- Potassium sulphate 78 mg equiv. potassium 35 mg
- Zinc glycinate monohydrate 10.64 mg equiv. zinc 3 mg
- Manganese (II) glycinate 3.695 mg equiv. manganese 1 mg
- Potassium iodide 91.8 µg equiv. iodine 70 µg
- Selenomethionine 50 µg equiv. selenium 20 µg
- Levomefolate glucosamine (Activated folate) 90 µg equiv. levomefolic acid 50 µg
- L-tyrosine 10 mg
- Lysine hydrochloride 12.5 mg equiv. lysine 10 mg
- Brassica oleracea var. italica ext. 37.5 mg
- Withania somnifera ext. 25 mg
- Zingiber officinale ext. 10 mg
- Capsicum annuum ext. 8.33 mg
- Piper nigrum ext. 16 µg
- Levocarnitine fumarate (L-carnitine) 178.6 mg equiv. levocarnitine 100 mg
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Practitioner product
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Per 30 g (Passionfruit):
- L-serine
- Hydrolysed pea protein
- L-alanine
- Glycine
- L-valine
- L-leucine
- L-isoleucine
- L-proline
- L-phenylalanine
- L-tyrosine
- L-threonine
- L-methionine
- L-arginine
- L-histidine
- L-lysine
- L-aspartic acid
- L-glutamic acid
- L-tryptophan
- L-cysteine
- Natural flavours
- Cichorium intybus (root) (Chicory)
- Acacia sp. (gum)
- Coconut water powder
- Medium chain triglycerides (MCT)
- Potassium citrate
- Magnesium citrate
- Sodium chloride (Salt)
- Calcium citrate
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
- Citric acid anhydrous
- Stevia rebaubiana
- Thaumatin
- Beta-carotene
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
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Per 30 g (Chocolate):
- Egg albumen powder
- Natural flavours
- Stevia rebaubiana
- Theobroma cacao
900 g Chocolate
RRP: $74.94$61.83Save: 17%
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Per 48 g:
- Whey protein concentrate
- Whey protein isolate
- Soy lecithin
- Theobroma cacao (Cocoa powder)
- Medium Chain Triglycerides (powder) (MCT)
- Calcium phosphate dibasic
- Flavour
- Magnesium citrate
- Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (Guar gum)
- Calcium citrate
- Zinc gluconate
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
- Beta-carotene carotenoids (Vitamin A)
- Chromium chloride
- Ferrous fumarate
- d-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5)
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
- Sodium selenite
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1)
- Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)
- Biotin
- Potassium iodide
- Sodium molybdate
- Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
- Copper sulfate
- Manganese citrate
- Cholecalciferol
- Folic acid
- Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitamin B6)
RRP: $64.96$58.47Save: 10%
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Per 48 g:
- Whey protein concentrate
- Whey protein isolate
- Flavour
- Medium Chain Triglycerides (powder) (MCT)
- Calcium phosphate dibasic
- Magnesium citrate
- Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (Guar gum)
- Calcium citrate
- Zinc gluconate
- Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
- Beta-carotene carotenoids (Vitamin A)
- Chromium chloride
- Ferrous fumarate
- d-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate
- Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
- Copper sulfate
- Magnesium citrate
- Cholecalciferol
- Folic acid
- Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitamin B6)
- Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5)
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
- Sodium selenite
- Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1)
- Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)
- Biotin
- Potassium iodide
- Sodium molybdate
- Soy lecithin
- Stevia rebaubiana
RRP: $64.96$58.47Save: 10%
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RRP: $49.95$41.21Save: 17%
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RRP: $49.95$43.96Save: 12%
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Per 30 g (Cacao):
- Pea protein isolate 25.2 g
- Dunaliella salina equiv. beta-carotene 390 µg
- Aloe barbadensis 1 g
- Malpighia glabra equiv. vitamin C 50 mg
- d-alpha-Tocopheryl acid succinate 2.5 mg
- Natural chocolate flavour
- Stevia rebaubiana
- Thaumatin
- Luo Han Guo (fruit) ext. (Monk fruit)
RRP: $52.55$34.16Save: 35%
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1 kg Chocolate
RRP: $79.95$67.96Save: 15%
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Per 30 g (Vanilla Bean):
1 kg Vanilla Bean
RRP: $85.95$70.91Save: 17%
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RRP: $85.95$70.91Save: 17%
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Natural Medicines rates safety based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Likely Safe, Possibly Safe, Possibly Unsafe, Likely Unsafe, Unsafe, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate. For more information about Natural Medicines’ Safety Rating System, click here.
The Natural Medicines Effectiveness Ratings are assigned for specific indications. A product might be rated "Possibly Effective" for one condition, but be rated "Likely Ineffective" for another condition, depending on the evidence. For more info click here.
